China: LEE plastic models
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ppp@yahoo.com - 13 Jun 2006 11:24 GMT PPP: I just returned from Beijing with 1/350 model of a Jiangwei class frigate (Hull number 112) picture http://www.defencetalk.com/pictures/showphoto.php/photo/13745/cat/171/limit/recent The second is a slightly smaller ship without the Jiangwei's stern helideck but with more radar and cannons (Hull number 168). They should build into attractive static models but are designed for running as well.
The parts detail and quality is real good. I have no opinion on scale fidelity as I have no knowledge of PLAN ships. At RMB 80 or USD $10 I'm not fussy. They are manufactured by LEE but I haven't heard of this company before and couldn't find any information on the NET. This is the jewel. Each comes complete with a dual shaft gearbox driven from a single minimotor. Its 2 cm between shaft centers with the output shafts just 0.3 cm from the base of the hull attachment tabs. This allows the prop shafts to be almost horizontal and therefore scale-like coming out of the hull. The overall gearbox dimensions are 3.5 cm wide x 2.0 cm high x 0.7 cm thick. The bottom corners are bevelled to fit the curve of a hull bottom. I have been looking for something like this gearbox for a long time and would have gladly paid more than $10 for the gearbox alone.
I bought them at the China clone of WalMart called Wu Mart. Don't laugh. Its a real and credible Chinese retail rival who had a story in FORTUNE. The owner is named Wu. I'd prefer Wu Mart anyway as they had a more interesting mix of consumer goods, groceries and cooked food delis as well as a sit down bar counter type restaurant. I didn't see a Beijing WalMart while I was there. I don't know enough Chinese to ask for the location of a hobby shop. I missed the only chance I had when, on arrival, I spotted an outbound passenger with Chinese knockoff kits of what looked like Tamiya's USS New Jersey and HMS POW but did not ask where he bought them. The other missed opportunity was in Guangzhou where in a RC models hobby shop were a ready-to-run 1/6 scale Tiger II tank (<RMB 2000 USD 250 )and 1/6 Tiger tank (RMB 800 USD100)copied from Tamiya's models. The Tiger I was off-scale and had molded in hull fixtures as in the same manner as Tamiya's original 40 year old 1/35 Tiger. The shop didn't have any stock and would not sell me their display models. Although they were poorly finished I still would have bought them as I intended to strip and detail them.
Rob van Riel - 13 Jun 2006 12:16 GMT On Tue, 13 Jun 2006 10:24:06 +0000, ppp wrote:
> The parts detail and quality is real good. I have no opinion on > scale fidelity as I have no knowledge of PLAN ships. At RMB 80 or USD > $10 I'm not fussy. They are manufactured by LEE but I haven't heard > of this company before and couldn't find any information on the NET. > This is the jewel. Each comes complete with a dual shaft gearbox I've built a Lee kit of the Japanese I-401. I'm glad you appear to be happy with your frigate, but to be honest the I-401 was a joke. The kit took incredible amounts of filler, detail is minimal, and the result only resembles the original subject in that it is obviously a submarine.
Rob
Gernot Hassenpflug - 13 Jun 2006 14:16 GMT > On Tue, 13 Jun 2006 10:24:06 +0000, ppp wrote: > [quoted text clipped - 8 lines] > took incredible amounts of filler, detail is minimal, and the result only > resembles the original subject in that it is obviously a submarine. you know, some of the design and machining teams are still embedded in the Cultural revolution, hence the only tools they have are their hands and elbows. Man, I bought some airliner kits a while back, and they were pretty good stuff I thought. And cheap (yay! happens sometimes). But as we get more spoiled, we will force the Chinese to up the price and quality until we can complain about the same things as we do for the Japanese, LOL
 Signature Gernot Hassenpflug (gernot@rish.kyoto-u.ac.jp) Tel: +81 774 38-3866 JSPS Fellow (Rm.403, RISH, Kyoto Uni.) Fax: +81 774 31-8463 www.rish.kyoto-u.ac.jp/radar-group/members/gernot Mob: +81 90 39493924
Rob van Riel - 13 Jun 2006 14:42 GMT > sometimes). But as we get more spoiled, we will force the Chinese to > up the price and quality until we can complain about the same things > as we do for the Japanese, LOL Maybe, maybe not. I don't mind building a 'temperamentful' kit, but the result has to look like the original. For example, the antique Airfix Phantom can be built into a fair resemblance of an F-4B, but it will put up a fight. The Lee I-401 will never look like the I-401, no matter how you fight it.
Rob
ppp@yahoo.com - 13 Jun 2006 19:23 GMT >you know, some of the design and machining teams are still embedded in >the Cultural revolution, hence the only tools they have are their [quoted text clipped - 3 lines] >up the price and quality until we can complain about the same things >as we do for the Japanese, LOL The Cultural Revolution was in the 60s-70s which was eons ago. In any case the toy industry is far more significant in the overall industrial development process than is realised. I look forward to someone dowing an academic paper on this.
LEE, through its I-401 model, seems to have followed the well trodden path. Buy someone else's worn out and dated mold and put it into production. Probably with someone else's worn out injection mold machine. This is to gain cash flow and experience in production, distribution, marketing and market size. With that step upgrade soon to cloning someone else's models that sell well (those Tamiya USS NJ, HMS POW knockoffs?). Finally go into original design. Niche touches like motorizing the model and offering PLAN ships no one else does is good marketing.
(I forgot to add that I also picked up a $10 LEE 1/35 motorized Bradley AFV which is pretty good but has rubber tracks. Just as well Wu Mart had a limited selection of models or I would have gone gaga and overloaded my luggage limit. )
You will notice that all the fantastic selection of collectable models and action figures come out of China because it is the only affordable source where one can have patterns of the most fantastic fantasy action figure or dream machine made. The Chinese ability to transfer these design ideas into production molds is unchallenged.
Pay a visit to China. Its a very safe country and very easy on the pocket. There is so much to see that it overwhelms. Beijing will blow your socks off. So will Shanghai and at leat 100 other major cities. Take a look at their transportation systems. Their rail, light rail, buses, heavy road haulers, cars are up their with the best in the world and are practically all Chinese designed and made. I was at a technology show (electronics) that had an auto show on the side. Oversize muscle SUVs, specialized 4WD "safari" amphib truck, limos etc., the full range for every taste, would look good in any western auto showroom. The vehicles include every ergonomic and stylistic feature I could wish for or imagine needing. I was particularly impressed with the Semi-tractor unit and the large tour bus on exhibit. I had already used the light rail system and the double length articulated buses. They are all very modern, clean and purr smoothly.
The same question arises. How did the Chinese come so far so fast? My take is that experience working with the toy industry to come up with ever more fanstatic toy designs to tickle our fancies gave them the skills to come up with and incorporate futuristic design features into full sized vehicles. There are a lot more superlatives in every area. But that would be bragging.
Al Superczynski - 14 Jun 2006 01:10 GMT >How did the Chinese come so far so fast? Simple. The communists embraced capitalism...
 Signature Al Superczynski, MFE, IPMS/USA #3795, continuous since 1968
My "From" address is munged - use 'modeleral (at) swbell (dot) net' to respond via email.
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Ian Burnley - 14 Jun 2006 02:50 GMT >>How did the Chinese come so far so fast? > > Simple. The communists embraced capitalism... Sorry Al, Youre wrong there. The Chinese don't give a bugger what their government says, they are, and always have been, CAPITALISTS. They don't let something as simple as idealism get in the way of business. The Chinese government has started to realise that it is easier to let the businessmen get on with it. If the government keep their noses out of it for another ten years, then watch out the rest of the world. They will bloody near own everything.
Ian
Al Superczynski - 14 Jun 2006 04:55 GMT >>>How did the Chinese come so far so fast? >> >> Simple. The communists embraced capitalism... > >Sorry Al, Youre wrong there. The Chinese don't give a bugger what their >government says, they are, and always have been, CAPITALISTS. Read it again. I said the *communists* embraced capitalism; I said nothing about the Chinese people as a whole.
>The Chinese government has started to realise that it is easier to let the businessmen >get on with it. Um, yeah. That's pretty much my whole point...
>If the government keep their noses out of it for another >ten years, then watch out the rest of the world. They will bloody near own >everything. If their banking system doesn't collapse from bad debt first...
 Signature Al Superczynski, MFE, IPMS/USA #3795, continuous since 1968
My "From" address is munged - use 'modeleral (at) swbell (dot) net' to respond via email.
Check out my want lists and eBay listings at "Al's Place": http://home.swbell.net/arfunguy/index.html "Build what YOU like, the way YOU want to, and the critics will flame you every time."
Ian Burnley - 14 Jun 2006 06:57 GMT >>>>How did the Chinese come so far so fast? >>> [quoted text clipped - 16 lines] > > If their banking system doesn't collapse from bad debt first... Sorry Mate! When you said 'chinese' I assumed you meant the government. You know what they say about assuming things. Maybe the govermnment is just letting things go and seeing what will happen. Most of the old guard, hard line communists are dead now and while the government is still talking the talk (officially, at least), I really don't think they are as dedicated to it as the the old hard liners were. I think taking over in Hong Kong opened their eyes a lot.
Kevin(Bluey) - 15 Jun 2006 15:39 GMT > Sorry Mate! When you said 'chinese' I assumed you meant the government. > You know what they say about assuming things. [quoted text clipped - 3 lines] > really don't think they are as dedicated to it as the the old hard > liners were. I think taking over in Hong Kong opened their eyes a lot. Yes taking back Hong Kong did open their eyes ,if they thought the capitalist business was bad they would have reverted Hong Kong back to the old ways,save for an agreement with Gt Britan to keep Hong Kong unchanged. But every capitalist industrialised country in the world is at China's doorstep begging to invest in industry there because they see mega billions in it for them .It's almost the last frontier for the rest of the world to make money.Almost unlimited cheap labour for a few years at least.
 Signature Kevin (Bluey) "I'm not young enough to know everything."
bluey69@westnet.com.au
ppp@yahoo.com - 14 Jun 2006 08:36 GMT > If their banking system doesn't collapse from bad debt first... PPP: The bank assets vs loans valuation question is over simplfied. Business loans and personal loans are still pretty hard to get. So enterprises are mainly self financed be this domestic businesses or foreign direct investments (FDIs). If businesses get their sums wrong only they themselves get hurt. The banks barely. The big bad debts so often referred to are book debts of giant legacy government owned rust belt enterprises that are being wound down as soon as practicable. This because they employ tens of thousands in company towns that had provided the whole social support structure. This is not unlike the US government providing unrecoverable bridge loans to a bankrupt General Motors so that the whole sheebang doesn't implode suddenly. (The GM scenario is hypothetical but not impossible). You don't hear of spectacular bankruptcies from China ala Enron, WorldCom et al. The Chinese government has more than enough foreign currency reserves to undertake any support program it needs to.
A bulk of the bank debt is in real estate tied to real assets in a red hot market that has to be cooled down by regulation. If a developer fails (rare) someone else is only too ready to take over and finish the job and make money. There is so much going on that it is unlikely that any single developer can bring down a bank. How can you fail when properties are sold before they even get built and prices rise by the week. The banks have more money in personal saving than they have places to invest in. New government regulation to cool the real estate market will only i ncrease the problem of asset management not bad loans recovery.
Meanwhile pablums like " If their banking system doesn't collapse from bad debt first" and "the whole rotten system is corrupt and will fall apart soon" is a useful fiction to keep the western media happy and writing op-eds that really mean little and affect little to the business of making money in China.
Charles Metz - 15 Jun 2006 00:28 GMT --snip-
> How can you fail when properties are sold before they even get built and prices > rise by the week. The banks have more money in personal saving than > they have places to invest in. --snip--
I agree with most of what you wrote and acknowledge the I'm quoting without context here, but the circumstances you describe above constitute the classic recipe for a "bust."
Charles Metz
AMPSOne@aol.com - 15 Jun 2006 02:20 GMT I think the bottom line here is the Wasan Plastic Co. which seems to be the "leashholder" for most of the Chinese (state owned) model companies. That covers Lee, Trumpter, and several others, but right now they are hell-bent-for-leather making Trumpeter world class whereas the others get handoff or hand-me-down molds.
They all got their start like most other Oriental modeling companies -- buy someone else's kit and copy it, then undersell them. The Chinese are notorious for this, and the biggest and grossest example I ever saw was a 1/1 scale BJ-213 (AKA Jeep Cherokee) that sold for less than half of what the factory original Jeep did two blocks down the street.
But after getting body slammed -- and also making the kits in nearly unbuildable ABS like plastic, Trumpeter decided to clean up its act and go after the world market. Some of the others have come along, but then again they also have migrated molds (e.g. Hobbycraft of Canada had some of them not long ago.)
Would be interesting to see the entire "Wiring Diagram" of Wasan Plastic.
Cookie Sewell
crw59@earthlink.net - 15 Jun 2006 18:14 GMT > >>How did the Chinese come so far so fast? > > > > Simple. The communists embraced capitalism... > >they also embraced totally polluting their country to get where they are now..... Craig
Count DeMoney - 15 Jun 2006 19:18 GMT All the nasty stuff about China is probably correct but I can tell you for certain that we (the USA) are very responsible for creating the monster. Our company sells industrial fasteners and have to buy a great deal of product from China simply because there is no other source. The price of steel, stainless steel, brass, zinc, etc. is going through the roof because most of the world is now "soul sourced" for these items in China. If the good old USA would have offered some protection to US manufacturers when these items were being dumped here at prices that were below cost, we would still have production here to fall back on. Without this production capacity, they have us by the "nads". We did it to ourselves, no one did it to us. I for one (and I know I am in the minority on this) would be happy to pay more for well engineered model kits developed and produced here then settle for badly engineered and produced product at low prices. That is what you get and will continue to get it this new "World Economy". Get used to it...........
Mad-Modeller - 16 Jun 2006 03:06 GMT US companies have been under extreme pressure to lower costs and thus prices. Shipping manufacturing jobs overseas to cheaper labour is the route they took to comply.
Bill Banaszak, MFE Sr.
z - 19 Jun 2006 16:42 GMT > US companies have been under extreme pressure to lower costs and thus > prices. Shipping manufacturing jobs overseas to cheaper labour is the > route they took to comply. > > Bill Banaszak, MFE Sr. Multiple factors. As I posted before, the normal growth in an industry includes lots of companies sprouting from older companies; the engineering outfits that came out of Hewlett Packard, or the proliferation of American car companies in the early days of the industry as the Dodge Brothers expanded from providing parts for Fords to making whole cars, for instance.
Next: as you say, the expectation in the US of ever increasing standard of living requires continually dropping of costs and/or increase of wages. The obvious easy answer is foreign labor. If you can't ship the worker to the job (see "illegal immigrants") then you ship the job to the worker.
The last factor is rewards for bad management; good management always has involved preventing either your customers or your suppliers from becoming your competitors. See "eliminating the middleman". But given the now usual short-term periods considered when rewarding management, and the now usual 3-5 year tenure of management before jumping to the next job, there is no penalty for turning a company into a burning wreck for high short term profits and jumping ship before the slow process of sinking is serious. Whereas digging in for the long haul and playing it conservative is, ironically, certain to meet with death both for your career and for your company's stock prices.
And most ironic of all, the driver demanding short term profitability is the big shareholders who have to show immediate profit out of owning company stocks and bonds and move their money around on a daily basis to get it; these shareholders are, of course, to a great degree the big pension and mutual fund companies, which have to keep their shareholders happy by showing big returns so they don't jump ship on a quarterly basis; said shareholders being the workers who are demanding these big returns from their investments because their jobs aren't secure. Which takes us back to square one. The mind boggles.
z - 15 Jun 2006 19:25 GMT > The same question arises. How did the Chinese come so far so fast? Well, a lot of it is from our outsourcing manufacturing there; that enables them to learn that side of the biz while getting paid to do so. After a while the sharper ones have picked up the marketing end of it by watching, so they take the manufacturing end and start their own company to compete with their former employers. It's not in principle different from the way industries expand in the US, but because of the big tilt to manufacturing in China from the low costs it's happening more quickly.
ppp@yahoo.com - 16 Jun 2006 05:38 GMT >> The same question arises. How did the Chinese come so far so fast? > [quoted text clipped - 6 lines] >big tilt to manufacturing in China from the low costs it's happening >more quickly. At last a reasonable take I can respond to. I am Chinese but not mainland born. I saw the writing on the wall early on and took early retirement. My job(s) disappeared too. So my feelings are ambivalent and yet proud for China. In this rms series of posts many of you take the patronizing attitude that the Chinese are cheats, copy cats, will never amount to anything, the whole edifice will fall apart soon, communism doesn't work, etc. Should I feel offended? Not the least. All it means to me is that you people still haven't caught on that a fundamental and global paradigm shift has already occurred and is gaining momentum. Somebody will wake up some day and say "Who ate my lunch?" It won't be China.
But this group is a hobby, not a political forum. For those interested in global politics look up the URL for "Beijing Consensus" a seminal paper by Joshua Ramo on the asymmetrical challenge to American hegemony described as the "Washinton Consensus." You will come across these two terms in many serious papers on national development in the years to come. As an example of how prescient this paper has become read to recent (Jun 15-16) reports on the Shanghai Cooperative Organization just held in Shanghai. SCO sounds harmless enough? http://www.atimes.com/atimes/China/HF16Ad01.html http://www.atimes.com/atimes/Central_Asia/HF15Ag01.html
I am an active participant in the soc.culture.china newsgroup and you can read my recent comments on Chinese affairs there.
z - 16 Jun 2006 15:01 GMT > >> The same question arises. How did the Chinese come so far so fast? > > [quoted text clipped - 18 lines] > gaining momentum. Somebody will wake up some day and say "Who ate my > lunch?" It won't be China. It's not as if we hadn't been through this before, Japan being such a big example, but SE Asia with less public handwringing now becoming such a big source of our manufactured goods. To repeat my point, it seems kind of obvious; Revell or whomever sets up a manufacturing facility in China, thereby immediately bringing the Chinese folks up to speed with all the manufacturing knowhow Revell accumulated over the last 50 years. I guess the assumption is that they won't understand the US market enough to dare enter it. But of course, anybody with half a brain can get pretty well clued in to what's happening in the US market by just watching what they are manufacturing and how many, and figure out what is selling and what isn't. And like any ambitious and talented employees anywhere, they decide the management is just holding them back, so they quit and start their own company. It's the American way!
> But this group is a hobby, not a political forum. For those > interested in global politics look up the URL for "Beijing Consensus" [quoted text clipped - 10 lines] > I am an active participant in the soc.culture.china newsgroup and you > can read my recent comments on Chinese affairs there. ppp@yahoo.com - 16 Jun 2006 20:18 GMT >It's not as if we hadn't been through this before, Japan being such a >big example, but SE Asia with less public handwringing now becoming >such a big source of our manufactured goods. PPP: That's very comforting.. I was a bit worried that I would appear to be gloating and cause untended and unecessary offence. My pride in China's rise has less to do with competing with the US or becoming a world force than China's ability to produce the whole spectrum of technologies and goods domestically and up to the latest standards.
Modernization in China is going on at a frenetic pace all over the country. Hundreds of ultra-modern cities are growing like mushrooms. Since there are few if any legacy infrastructures in the way the (central, provincial and municipal) governments can build on a clean sheet using the best and the latest. Just about everything you see will be produced within China and they are up there with the lastest and the best in the world. China is vast and her needs many. The rest of the country may take another 20 to 40 years to catch up but she will get there. And everything is already in place.
Count DeMoney - 16 Jun 2006 23:44 GMT What a joke. China refuses to let it's currancy float on the world market like the US and every other country does. If their currancy was at fair value compared to others they would loose a lot of their unfair pricing advantage. This fact along with very low wages, child labor, numerous human rights violations, and a complete lack of regard for the environment is nothing to brag about.
ppp@yahoo.com - 17 Jun 2006 00:47 GMT >What a joke. China refuses to let it's currancy float on the world >market like the US and every other country does. If their currancy was >at fair value compared to others they would loose a lot of their unfair >pricing advantage. This fact along with very low wages, child labor, >numerous human rights violations, and a complete lack of regard for the >environment is nothing to brag about. Aha. If your are really interested in this subject there is an excellent three part technical paper by Henry C K Liu
Go to the main link at http://www.atimes.com/atimes/others/Henry.html
Be forewarned. Its very heavy going on international finance and economics. But it will address pretty much a all the simplistic ideas you have about how to fix America's economic problems. As I said earlier most of you guys still haven't caught on to what is happening in the real world.
THE WAGES OF NEO-LIBERALISM PART 1: Core contradictions Despite all evidence, the US in particular continues to delude itself that fair exchange rates, especially for the Chinese yuan, would solve economic ills. But Western exchange-rate policies have long been part of the problem; what economies worldwide should be floating is wages, not exchange rates. (Mar 21, '06)
THE WAGES OF NEO-LIBERALISM PART 2: The US-China trade imbalance A rising US trade deficit with China has generated much heat but little light about unfair Chinese trade practices. The real danger to the US economy is that the US sovereign debt rating is now dependent on the soundness of Chinese sovereign debt - in other words, on China's credit rating. (Mar 31, '06)
THE WAGES OF NEO-LIBERALISM PART 3: China's internal debt problem China's fiscal policy has begun a gradual shift from "proactive" to "prudent". Beijing now urgently needs to deal with pressing economic and social problems that have been created by its transition from a socialist planned economy to a "socialist" market economy. One key factor is how to handle the national debt in a system dominated by US dollar hegemony. - Henry C K Liu (May 26, '06)
z - 19 Jun 2006 16:19 GMT > What a joke. China refuses to let it's currancy float on the world > market like the US and every other country does. If their currancy was > at fair value compared to others they would loose a lot of their unfair > pricing advantage. This fact along with very low wages, child labor, > numerous human rights violations, and a complete lack of regard for the > environment is nothing to brag about. If China let its currency float, then its investment in the Bush Memorial Deficit would sink like a stone. If the US hopes to keep borrowing like a crack addict with a Platinum American Express card, it's got to keep the lenders happy and that means keeping the dollar artificially up and the yuan artificially low. Otherwise the Chinese will, not being idiots, pull out and the house of cards will collapse, with probably negative implications worldwide.
z - 19 Jun 2006 16:24 GMT > >It's not as if we hadn't been through this before, Japan being such a > >big example, but SE Asia with less public handwringing now becoming [quoted text clipped - 16 lines] > rest of the country may take another 20 to 40 years to catch up but > she will get there. And everything is already in place. Well, trying to keep the long-range long-term objective view, for most of history China was the dominant culture on the planet; we've got a somewhat distorted view, being the product of a few hundred years of European supremacy, but it seems the American advantages of vast raw materials including space, and immunity to foreign conflicts due to distance, are not so compelling any more, and I would rather bet that the main story of the future will be Islam slugging it out with China than on the US' continued dominance. Of course, the thing about history is that any damn thing can happen, and often does, so the wild card factor is pretty important.
ppp@yahoo.com - 20 Jun 2006 00:22 GMT > I would rather bet that >the main story of the future will be Islam slugging it out with China >than on the US' continued dominance. Of course, the thing about history >is that any damn thing can happen, and often does, so the wild card >factor is pretty important. There is a large population of Muslims living in China since Tang times circa 650 AD. They had generally lived in peace for over 1500 years. Even the 100 million Muslims today pales in comparison to over 1 billion Han Chinese. Most of these Muslims anyway are Han Chinese, not the national minorities who number some 20 millions. In other words China can live with the miniscule separatist movements among her western autonomous regions. They are no threat. Geography alone (vast deserts and mountains) would defeat any non Chinese Islamic threat.
>WIKIPEDIA: MAlthough most of the nationalities can be seen as ethnic groups, the correspondence is not one to one. For example, many Hui Chinese are indistinguishable from Han Chinese except for the fact that they practice Islam. Conversely, Hakka are often thought of as an ethnic group, but they are generally considered to be within the subgroups of the Han ethnicity. Islam in China From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia The Great Mosque of Xi'an, China's largest mosqueChina is home to a large population of adherents of Islam. Sources, including the BBC, suggest that there may be as many as 20 million Muslims in China, up to 2 percent of the country's 1.3 billion population. Other sources suggest Muslims in China may number up to 40 million, with new rumors saying there are 10 million more hiding.[1]. Many believe there are over 100 million Muslims in China. This is based on the census undertaken by the Kuomintang in the 1940's which placed the figure at 45 million. In addition the China year book of 1950 placed the number at 50 million. The figure of 100 million is derived from the population of China doubling since 1950.
The largest of the ten Muslim ethnic groups in China are the Hui. The other nine, in descending order of size, are Uyghur, Kazakh, Dongxiang, Kirghiz, Salar, Tajik, Uzbek, Bonan, and Tatar. Xinjiang has the largest number of Muslims; many are also concentrated in the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region.
(snip)
Hui Muslim near courtyard of Daqingzhen SiDuring the Tang Dynasty, China was highly tolerant of new religions and Chinese contact with foreign envoys flourished. Islam was introduced to China via the silk road by Arabs. Although some believe that Islam may have arrived in China during the Sui Dynasty, the first official record of Islam's arrival in China occurred during the Tang Dynasty.
Tang dynasty Uthman ibn Affan, the third Caliph of Islam, sent the first official Muslim envoy to China in 650. The envoy, headed by Sa`d ibn Abi Waqqas, arrived in the Tang capital, Chang'an, in 651 via the overseas route. Huis generally consider this date to be the official founding of Islam in China. The Ancient Record of the Tang Dynasty recorded the historic meeting, where the envoy greeted Emperor Gaozong of Tang China and tried to convert him to Islam. Although the envoy failed to convince the Emperor to embrace Islam, the Emperor allowed the envoy to prosthelyze in China and ordered the establishment of the first Chinese mosque in the capital to show his respect for the religion.
Arab people are first noted in Chinese written records, under the name Da shi in the annals of the Tang dynasty (618-907). Records dating from 713 speak of the arrival of a Da shi ambassador. It is recorded that in 758, a large Muslim settlement in Guangzhou erupted in unrest and fled. The community had constructed a large mosque (Huaisheng Si), destroyed by fire in 1314, and constructed in 1349-51; only ruins of a tower remain from the first building.
During the Tang Dynasty, a steady stream of Arab and Persian traders arrived in China through the silk road and the overseas route through the port of Quanzhou. Not all of the immigrants were Muslims, but many of those who stayed formed the basis of the Chinese Muslim population and the Hui ethnic group. The Persian immigrants introduced polo, their cuisine, their musical instruments, and their knowledge of medicine to China. (more).
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