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Help understanding DCC

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john@jebeck.com - 28 Nov 2005 13:08 GMT
Hi again,

I have some general questions about DCC:  Do DCC-equipped trains work
on non-DCC layouts?  I would anticipate that they work just like a
regular style train, but I'm not sure.  Likewise, will non-DCC trains
work on DCC layouts, just without the digital controls?  I do not have
DCC today, and would like to invest in a nice steam engine as a
Christmas present from my wife (yes, I always pick out my own gifts!
:-).  Is it possible to be a good quality engine that would work on a
regular track, and then upgrade it (easily) to DCC sometime in the
future?  Any recommendations on a manufacturer?

Thanks!
Thomas - 28 Nov 2005 13:44 GMT
Hi John.

The fundamental difference is that on a DCC track there is a constant
voltage, the DCC-commands are "superimposed" on that voltage, ant the
train uses power from the line as the received commands tell it to do.
On a "normal" track, the voltage varies with turning of the vontrol, and
tran speed accordingly, and there is no control signals on the voltage.

DCC-trains can, in certain cases (the DCC chip should be "told" with a
jumper about the situation) run on "normal tracks", but "normal" trains
cannot run on DCC-tracks, because the constatn boltage - i.e. they would
run at full speed all the time.

my 2 cents
Thomas

> Hi again,
>
[quoted text clipped - 9 lines]
>
> Thanks!
Wolf Kirchmeir - 28 Nov 2005 19:37 GMT
> Hi John.
>
[quoted text clipped - 8 lines]
> cannot run on DCC-tracks, because the constatn boltage - i.e. they would
> run at full speed all the time.

Actually, that power current is AC, not DC: The decoder erctifies the
current as well as controlling its (average) voltage. And ordinary DC
loco will just sit there and buzz.

The converse is not true: a DCC loco can run on a traditonal
controlled-DC layout, but it must have a decoder that can detect that
fact and adjust its mode accordingly.

HTH
Thomas - 28 Nov 2005 22:25 GMT
> Actually, that power current is AC, not DC: The decoder erctifies the
> current as well as controlling its (average) voltage. And ordinary DC
> loco will just sit there and buzz.

Yep, that's correct, sorry, I assumed everyone runs AC locos like me
(Marklin) :-) But for AC locos my proposal is true.

> The converse is not true: a DCC loco can run on a traditonal
> controlled-DC layout, but it must have a decoder that can detect that
> fact and adjust its mode accordingly.

Quite so; that goes for AC-systems as well, an DCC equipped loco can run
 on "standard" controlled AC or DC rail, so long as the decoder is told
so (by a jumper on Marklin and other ways on other brands). For DC locos
thats possible, since they, as you say, rectifies their current before
using it, regardless of control system. Even an AC loco would run on an
DC-track för that same reason. Only problem there is the 3-rail system.

It seems to me that the most feasible solution for our friend would be
to buy himself a DCC controlled loco, the decoder of which can be
"told", in one way or another, to run on conventionally controlled rail
systems. Then he can convert to DCC when he likes.

cheers, Thomas
john@jebeck.com - 29 Nov 2005 00:00 GMT
Thanks for all the help guys.  Can anyone recommend a specific
DCC-equipped engine (preferably steam) that would recognize it was
running on a regular DC track and not need jumping, soldering, etc. -
kind of just "plug and play"?
Bill McCutcheon - 29 Nov 2005 06:47 GMT
> Thanks for all the help guys.  Can anyone recommend a specific
> DCC-equipped engine (preferably steam) that would recognize it was
> running on a regular DC track and not need jumping, soldering, etc. -
> kind of just "plug and play"?

Once a loco is equipped with a decoder, you should never have to "jump,
solder" or etc. (unless the decoder fails and you need to install a new
one).  Many manufacturers make decoder-equipped engines; probably all come
set to default to DC when there's no DCC.  If they aren't so programmed
out of the box, CVs are changed by reprogramming the decoder
electronically, not manually.

I suggest you check out the on-line primer I recommended in another
message in this thread.

-- Bill McC.
john@jebeck.com - 29 Nov 2005 13:54 GMT
Hi Bill,

Thanks again for the help.  I did read the primer you posted earlier.
I apologize for not being clear with my question.  I wasn't able to
tell from the on-line primer if ALL DCC-equipped trains would recognize
that they were running on a regular track without programming, or if
just some brands of DCC decoders could tell automatically, and some
could not.  If that were the case, I was asking if anyone could
recommend a specific brand of engine that would know the difference.
Seeing as my setup is not DCC equipped now, I would lack any of the
equipment necessary to program the engine to do anything.  Is there a
way to tell when purchasing an engine if the decoder is set to "default
to DC" on a regular track, or am I just taking a chance and hoping that
the assumption is correct?  Will I do any damage to the engine if its
not?

By the way, someone made a suggestion about visiting the local hobby
store.  I actually tried that prior to posting here.  My LHS is an
"Allied Hobbies", and the person behind the counter made it clear that
he "knows nothing more about trains then what is written on the side of
the box".  I'm sure that there is a better train-oriented hobby store
around - I just haven't found one yet.  I did go to an open house for a
Model Railroad club this weekend, but nobody had the time to talk to a
newcomer.  The women working the desk couldn't even tell me when the
next meeting was, or how to become a member (not sure why I would want
to).  I've been building and flying rc-planes for about 10 years now,
and if I have learned one thing about these "specialty hobbies" is that
it is very hard to get started in if you don't have someone that can
"mentor" you.  I didn't grow up around trains, so this is all new to
me, and I'm finding it tough to get real basic info - most of the stuff
I'm finding assumes some level of knowledge that I just don't have
yet...
Bill McCutcheon - 29 Nov 2005 18:13 GMT
> Hi Bill,
>
[quoted text clipped - 28 lines]
> I'm finding assumes some level of knowledge that I just don't have
> yet...

I believe that all decoders include analog mode conversion (DC operation)
and come with that feature set to "on."  The one loco I bought with a
decoder already installed (an N-scale Atlas with Lenz decoder) certainly
came that way.  The easiest way to check is to put it on a DC track and
try it.  Take your business to a hobby store with a test track or one that
agrees to a 24-hour return so you can try it at home.  I don't think
you'll do any damage by putting a DCC-only engine on a DC track.
-- Bill McC.
Joe Ellis - 29 Nov 2005 18:31 GMT
> Hi John.
>
[quoted text clipped - 10 lines]
>
> my 2 cents

Better get a refund, then...

As I said in a previous reply to Wolf, analog locomotives CAN run on
digital track on some systems - Digitrax for sure, and Lenz as well
IIRC.

Yes, there is "AC" on the rails (though it's not REALLY AC...). However
the systems that allow running analog on the digital system introduce a
'bias' into the "AC" signal, providing more time at peak voltage on one
side that the other. This allows the motor to begin to turn in that
direction. The longer the biased pulse is stretched, the more current in
that direction, and the faster the motor turns.

An analog locomotive 'sings' on a digital track - the result of the core
of the motor moving rapidly back and forth at the DCC pulse frequency.
As the bias is introduced, this 'singing' drops in pitch and volume as
the analog locomotive gains speed, a clear indication that the frequency
of pulse is changing.

Now, this increase in the pulse length of the DCC signal can
significantly increase the length of time it takes to transmit DCC
commands to other _digital_ locomotives. In fact, most clubs prohibit
use of analog locomotives (and the capability _can_ be 'locked out' on
Digitrax systems) because it can make operations very difficult - an
analog locomotive running near full throttle on a digital layout can
mean time delays of a second or more, depending on how much DCC signal
traffic is being generated.
Wolf Kirchmeir - 28 Nov 2005 13:56 GMT
> Hi again,
>
> I have some general questions about DCC:  Do DCC-equipped trains work
> on non-DCC layouts?

Only if they are equipped with decoders that automatically sense the
power type, and switch modes.

> I would anticipate that they work just like a
> regular style train, but I'm not sure.  Likewise, will non-DCC trains
> work on DCC layouts, just without the digital controls?

No.

> I do not have
> DCC today, and would like to invest in a nice steam engine as a
> Christmas present from my wife (yes, I always pick out my own gifts!
> :-).  Is it possible to be a good quality engine that would work on a
> regular track, and then upgrade it (easily) to DCC sometime in the
> future?  Any recommendations on a manufacturer?

Yes. Most current production includes a PC board with plugs so all you
have to do is plug in the decoder. But some "DCC Ready" locos would
require soldering, and some are DCC ready only in the sense that a
decoder could be installed, if you know what you're doing, which your
questions suggest is not the case with you, yet. Kalmbach's recent
release DCC Made Simple will get you started.

It's also possible to buy engines with DC-detecting, mode-switching
decoders built in. BLI makes such, among others. Go to a real, physical
hobby shop for advice and information - but do them the courtesy of
buying your gift there, instead of looking for a bargain on the web
after getting information from them for free. It also helps to find
fellow modellers, and ask them for help. They might even invite you to
try their DCC locos on their layouts... :-)

If you haven't checked the prices of "good quality" steam lcocos lately,
be prepared for wallet shock. :-)

> Thanks!

You're welcome.
Joe Ellis - 29 Nov 2005 04:39 GMT
> > Hi again,
> >
[quoted text clipped - 9 lines]
>
> No.

I beg to differ! SOME systems (including all Digitrax and IIRC Lenz
units) will allow you to run ONE locomotive or group of locomotives that
don't have a decoder under address "00". I was doing just exactly this
earlier tonight... several locomotives under DCC control, and one analog
locomotive under independent control. The analog locomotive can even be
part of a command station (What Digitrax calls a 'UniVersal') consist.
However, _every_ locomotive without a decoder will respond to these
commands - so they all have to be in the same consist.
iarwain_8@hotmail.com - 28 Nov 2005 16:39 GMT
I have a silly little DCC question, this seems as good a place as any
to ask:

You put in the address to the locomotive, then turn the throttle to get
it moving.  Now you want to switch to another locomotive, so you put in
that address.  Does the first locomotive continue to move at the last
throttle setting?  Or do you have to use the digital "speed steps" to
let the other loco run while you work with another?
I think I read that you have to lower the throttle to zero before you
switch to another locomotive, is that correct (which would mean you
have to rely on the speed steps to run more than one loco)?

I have a fair amount of documentation on DCC, but oddly this has never
been clear.  I have a Digitrax Zephyr that I bought to switch over to
DCC with, but then my layout met its end and I never got to use it.
I'm planning to use it with my next layout, which I'm about to start
the benchwork on (bought the lumber over the weekend).
Charles Kimbrough - 28 Nov 2005 16:54 GMT
When you switch engine addresses the old address runs at the speed you
left it at.

> I have a silly little DCC question, this seems as good a place as any
> to ask:
[quoted text clipped - 13 lines]
> I'm planning to use it with my next layout, which I'm about to start
> the benchwork on (bought the lumber over the weekend).
Bill McCutcheon - 28 Nov 2005 17:29 GMT
> Hi again,
>
[quoted text clipped - 9 lines]
>
> Thanks!

Whether a DCC-equipped loco will work with DC depends upon the setting of
CV (configuration variable) #29.  The default setting is that it will work
with DC.  Most DCC systems can control one analog engine.  Whether an
engine is compatible with DCC depends upon the design of the engine; some
are, some aren't.  There's a good on-line DCC primer at:
http://www.dcctrains.com/tonystips/dccprimer/index.htm.
-- Bill McC.
Robert Heller - 28 Nov 2005 21:18 GMT
 iarwain_8@hotmail.com,
 In a message on 28 Nov 2005 08:39:26 -0800, wrote :

i> I have a silly little DCC question, this seems as good a place as any
i> to ask:
i>
i> You put in the address to the locomotive, then turn the throttle to get
i> it moving.  Now you want to switch to another locomotive, so you put in
i> that address.  Does the first locomotive continue to move at the last
i> throttle setting?  Or do you have to use the digital "speed steps" to
i> let the other loco run while you work with another?
i> I think I read that you have to lower the throttle to zero before you
i> switch to another locomotive, is that correct (which would mean you
i> have to rely on the speed steps to run more than one loco)?
i>
i> I have a fair amount of documentation on DCC, but oddly this has never
i> been clear.  I have a Digitrax Zephyr that I bought to switch over to
i> DCC with, but then my layout met its end and I never got to use it.
i> I'm planning to use it with my next layout, which I'm about to start
i> the benchwork on (bought the lumber over the weekend).

I believe what happens is that the command station (the stationary
unit, not the handheld unit) 'remembers' these settings (throttle
settings).  The command station sends messages to the decoder(s) down
the power bus to the booster unit(s) periodically, which in turn place
these message packets on the power bus (tracks).  The handheld unit
sends changes to the command station, as you make them.  Since the
throttle settings are always in digital form as far as the decoder is
concerned, I'm guessing that the 'analog' DCC handheld units (the ones
with rotary throttle knobs), are converting the rotation to digital speed
steps somehow -- much like a joystick, trackball, or (computer) mouse.

i>
i>                                                                                                

                                    \/
Robert Heller                        ||InterNet:   heller@deepsoft.com
http://www.deepsoft.com/             ||FidoNet:    1:321/153            
http://www.deepsoft.com/~heller      /\

                               
Roger King - 29 Nov 2005 00:21 GMT
Must be something about htis thread I don't understand....
I have a DCC controlled layout. (Digitrax). I also have several non-DCC
equipped locos, that run quite well on this system, only have to use address
"00" and can only operate one non-DCC loco at a time. I can run several
decoder equipped locos and a non-DCC loco at the same time.

I have several small IHC locos (steamers) that I have installed decoders in
with no problems. They run great, as long as the wheels and track are kept
clean...

(my 2¢ worth)

> Hi again,
>
[quoted text clipped - 9 lines]
>
> Thanks!
Greg Procter - 29 Nov 2005 01:13 GMT
> Must be something about htis thread I don't understand....
> I have a DCC controlled layout. (Digitrax). I also have several non-DCC
[quoted text clipped - 5 lines]
> with no problems. They run great, as long as the wheels and track are kept
> clean...

DCC was intended to be able to operate one DC (analogue) along with as many DCC
decodered locos as you have.
The 'problem' is that it does this by extending the AC signal on either the
positive or negative side so the loco "sees" circa 22 volts AC with bias. Big
motors are fine as they can disipate the heat that the AC voltage creates but
little ones (N gauge) tend to smoke and burn. Middle sized motors tend to get
very hot. If the motor is mounted in a big metal block it would probably be ok.
The IHC ones are probably mounted in plastic, so let us know how many hours they
take to burn out!     =8^D

Regards,
Greg.P.
Roger King - 29 Nov 2005 18:55 GMT
Wow! Well shut my mouth! I didn't know any of this, I will keep a close eye
on the heat situation. I have not noticed anything unusual to date, though.
thanks for the information...

>> Must be something about htis thread I don't understand....
>> I have a DCC controlled layout. (Digitrax). I also have several non-DCC
[quoted text clipped - 28 lines]
> Regards,
> Greg.P.
Joe Ellis - 29 Nov 2005 19:17 GMT
> > DCC was intended to be able to operate one DC (analogue) along with as
> > many DCC
[quoted text clipped - 15 lines]
> > Regards,
> > Greg.P.

Horsehockey. But then considering the source...

I have several N scale analog locomotives that have run hour after hour
on DCC with no ill effects.

The only thing you have to be concerned about is the "coreless" type
motor. They _can_ overheat when run decoderless on DCC, since they don't
have the metal core that serves as a heat sink... and you can find these
in any scale, usually on remotored locomotives. Very few companies use
them as OEM motors.

Don't bother, Greg - the only time I see anything from you is when it's
not from you.
Greg Procter - 29 Nov 2005 19:38 GMT
> > > DCC was intended to be able to operate one DC (analogue) along with as
> > > many DCC
[quoted text clipped - 20 lines]
> I have several N scale analog locomotives that have run hour after hour
> on DCC with no ill effects.

Read the above again - keep rereading it until you get a clue.

> The only thing you have to be concerned about is the "coreless" type
> motor. They _can_ overheat when run decoderless on DCC, since they don't
[quoted text clipped - 4 lines]
> Don't bother, Greg - the only time I see anything from you is when it's
> not from you.

That's ok Joe - you got the coreless motor problem totally wrong, but as I know
absolutely nothing ...
Never run coreless motors on pulsed power because each pulse is high current for
the type of brushes employed and shortens the motor life drastically.

Regards,
Greg.P.
 
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